العهد المكي

The Light in the Darkness

610 CE – 622 CE12 BH – 1 AH

Thirteen years of revelation, persecution, patience, and unwavering faith. From the first words revealed in Cave Hira to the momentous migration to Madinah — the period in which Islam was born, the early believers were forged through suffering, and the Quran's foundational message of Tawhid was established.

18 events in this era

نزول الوحي

The First Revelation

610 CERevelation

While in seclusion in the Cave of Hira during Ramadan, the Angel Jibril appeared...

خديجة تستشير ورقة بن نوفل

Khadijah Consults Waraqah ibn Nawfal

610 CEConfirmation

After Muhammad ﷺ returned home terrified from Cave Hira, Khadijah comforted him ...

فترة انقطاع الوحي

The Pause in Revelation (Fatrah)

610 CERevelation

After the first revelation, there was a pause (fatrah) in the coming of revelati...

الدعوة السرية

The Secret Call to Islam

610-613 CEDa'wah

For approximately three years, the Prophet ﷺ called people to Islam privately. T...

دار الأرقم

Dar al-Arqam: The First School of Islam

~612-613 CEEducation

The house of al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam near Mount Safa became the secret gatheri...

الجهر بالدعوة على الصفا

The Public Call from Mount Safa

~613 CEDa'wah

After the command from Allah to warn his closest relatives, the Prophet ﷺ climbe...

اشتداد الاضطهاد

Intensification of Persecution

613-615 CEPersecution

As the public call to Islam grew, the Quraysh intensified their persecution of M...

الهجرة الأولى إلى الحبشة

The First Migration to Abyssinia

615 CEMigration

When persecution became unbearable, the Prophet ﷺ instructed a group of Muslims ...

الهجرة الثانية إلى الحبشة

The Second Migration to Abyssinia

615 CEMigration

A larger group of approximately 83 men and 18-19 women undertook the second migr...

إسلام حمزة وعمر

The Islam of Hamza and Umar

~616 CEAcceptance of Islam

Hamza ibn Abdul Muttalib, the Prophet's ﷺ uncle and a fierce warrior, accepted I...

مقاطعة بني هاشم

The Boycott of Banu Hashim

617-619 CEPersecution

The Quraysh imposed a total economic and social boycott on Banu Hashim and Banu ...

عام الحزن

The Year of Sorrow ('Am al-Huzn)

619 CELoss

Within a short period, the Prophet ﷺ lost both Abu Talib — his uncle and protect...

الرحلة إلى الطائف

The Journey to Ta'if

619 CEDa'wah

Seeking support after the death of Abu Talib, the Prophet ﷺ traveled to Ta'if wi...

الإسراء والمعراج

The Night Journey and Ascension (Isra wal Mi'raj)

~620-621 CEMiracle

In one night, the Prophet ﷺ was transported from Masjid al-Haram in Makkah to Ma...

بيعة العقبة الأولى

The First Pledge of Aqaba

621 CEPledge of allegiance

During the Hajj season, twelve men from Madinah (six from the Aws and six from t...

بيعة العقبة الثانية

The Second Pledge of Aqaba

622 CEPledge of allegiance

Seventy-three men and two women from Madinah met the Prophet ﷺ secretly at Aqaba...

مؤامرة دار الندوة

The Conspiracy at Dar al-Nadwa

622 CEPlot against Islam

Learning of the Prophet's ﷺ plan to migrate, the Quraysh convened an emergency c...

الهجرة إلى المدينة

The Hijrah — Migration to Madinah

622 CEMigration

The Prophet ﷺ departed Makkah with Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, heading south to the Cave...