الخط الزمني

عام الفيل

محرّم, ٥٢ ق.هـ (571 م)

Abraha, the Abyssinian ruler of Yemen, marched upon Makkah with an army including war elephants to...

Makkah

رضاعة حليمة السعدية

٥٢-٤٨ ق.هـ (571-575 م)

Following Arab custom, the infant Muhammad ﷺ was entrusted to Halimah bint Abi Dhu'ayb of the Banu...

Desert of Banu Sa'd

وفاة أمه آمنة

٤٦ ق.هـ (~577 م)

When Muhammad ﷺ was approximately six years old, his mother Aminah bint Wahb passed away at...

Al-Abwa'

وفاة عبد المطلب

٤٤ ق.هـ (~579 م)

Abdul Muttalib passed away when Muhammad ﷺ was approximately eight years old. Before his death, he...

Makkah

الرحلة إلى الشام مع أبي طالب

٤٠ ق.هـ (~583 م)

At the age of twelve, Muhammad ﷺ accompanied Abu Talib on a trade caravan to Syria. During the...

Busra, Syria

رعي الغنم

٣٩-٢٧ ق.هـ (~583-596 م)

Muhammad ﷺ worked as a shepherd in Makkah, tending sheep for the people of Makkah in return for...

Makkah and its surroundings

بناء الكعبة

١٧ ق.هـ (~605 م)

When Muhammad ﷺ was thirty-five years old, the Quraysh undertook the rebuilding of the Ka'bah after...

Makkah – The Ka'bah

نزول الوحي

رمضان (١٧ or ٢١), ١٢ ق.هـ (610 م)

While in seclusion in the Cave of Hira during Ramadan, the Angel Jibril appeared to Muhammad ﷺ at...

Cave of Hira, Jabal an-Nur

فترة انقطاع الوحي

١٢ ق.هـ (610 م)

After the first revelation, there was a pause (fatrah) in the coming of revelation. During this...

Makkah

دار الأرقم

١٠-٩ ق.هـ (~612-613 م)

The house of al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam near Mount Safa became the secret gathering place for the...

Dar al-Arqam, near Mount Safa, Makkah

اشتداد الاضطهاد

٩-٧ ق.هـ (613-615 م)

As the public call to Islam grew, the Quraysh intensified their persecution of Muslims. Bilal ibn...

Makkah

الهجرة الثانية إلى الحبشة

شوّال, ٧ ق.هـ (615 م)

A larger group of approximately 83 men and 18-19 women undertook the second migration to Abyssinia....

Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

مقاطعة بني هاشم

٥-٣ ق.هـ (617-619 م)

The Quraysh imposed a total economic and social boycott on Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, confining...

Shi'b Abi Talib (Valley of Abu Talib), Makkah

الرحلة إلى الطائف

شوّال, ٣ ق.هـ (619 م)

Seeking support after the death of Abu Talib, the Prophet ﷺ traveled to Ta'if with Zayd ibn...

Ta'if

بيعة العقبة الأولى

ذو الحجة, ١ ق.هـ (621 م)

During the Hajj season, twelve men from Madinah (six from the Aws and six from the Khazraj) met the...

Aqaba, near Mina

مؤامرة دار الندوة

صفر, ١ هـ (622 م)

Learning of the Prophet's ﷺ plan to migrate, the Quraysh convened an emergency council at Dar...

Dar al-Nadwa, Makkah

بناء مسجد قباء

ربيع الأول, ١ هـ (622 م)

Upon arriving in the area of Quba on the outskirts of Madinah, the Prophet ﷺ stayed with the Banu...

Quba, outskirts of Madinah

المؤاخاة بين المهاجرين والأنصار

١ هـ (622 م)

The Prophet ﷺ established a unique bond of brotherhood (mu'akhah) between the Muhajirun (the...

Madinah

تشريع الأذان

١ هـ (622 م)

The Muslims needed a way to call people to prayer. Abdullah ibn Zayd saw a vision in his dream of a...

Madinah

غزوة بدر الكبرى

١٧ رمضان, ٢ هـ (624 م)

The first major military engagement in Islam. 313 Muslims faced approximately 1,000 well-armed...

Badr, southwest of Madinah

غزوة الخندق / الأحزاب

شوّال, ٥ هـ (627 م)

A massive coalition of 10,000 warriors from the Quraysh, Ghatafan, and other tribes marched on...

Northern approach to Madinah

رسائل إلى الملوك والزعماء

محرّم and after, ٧ هـ (628 م)

The Prophet ﷺ sent letters to the rulers of the known world inviting them to Islam, including:...

Letters sent from Madinah to various kingdoms

فتح مكة

رمضان (٢٠), ٨ هـ (630 م)

After the Quraysh violated the Treaty of Hudaybiyah by supporting an attack on the Prophet's ﷺ...

Makkah

غزوة تبوك

رجب, ٩ هـ (630 م)

Learning that the Byzantine Empire was gathering forces near the northern border, the Prophet ﷺ...

Tabuk, northern Arabia

وفاة النبي ﷺ

١٢ ربيع الأول (Monday), ١١ هـ (632 م)

The Prophet ﷺ fell ill and his condition worsened over several days. During his illness, he...

The room of Aisha, adjacent to Masjid al-Nabawi, Madinah